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Description

Platelet glycoprotein 4 (UniProt: Q08857, also known as Glycoprotein IIIb, GPIIIB, PAS IV, PAS-4, Platelet glycoprotein IV, GPIV, CD antigen: CD36) is encoded by the cd36 gene (Gene ID: 12491) in murine species. CD36 is a multifunctional glycoprotein that acts as receptor for a broad range of ligands, including oxLDL. CD36 is shown to play a role in scavenging oxLDL may also mediate effects of oxLDL on monocytes and platelets in atherosclerotic lesions. Upon ligand-binding, it is internalized through dynamin-dependent endocytosis. CD36 is highly expressed in the intestine on the luminal surface of enterocytes. In small intestines expression levels follow a steep decreasing gradient from proximal to distal segments. It is expressed in a circadian manner in the circumvallate papillae with its levels being lower during the dark period. In the small intestine, plays a role in proximal absorption of dietary fatty acid and cholesterol for optimal chylomicron formation.CD36 null mice exhibit impaired chylomicron secretion, but no overall lipid absorption defect. CD36 can binds long-chain fatty acids and facilitates their transport into cells, thus participating in muscle lipid utilization, adipose energy storage, and gut fat absorption. In taste receptor cells, CD36 is shown to mediate the induction of an increase in intracellular calcium levels by long-chain fatty acids, leading to the activation of the gustatory neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract. CD36 is also expressed in lung alveolar macrophages and dendritic macrophages. (Ref.: Nassir, F., et al. (2007). J. Biol. Chem. 282(27):19493-194501).