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Description

Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 3 (UniProt: P50284, also known as Lymphotoxin-beta receptor, LTBR) is encoded by the Ltbr (also known as Tnfcr, Tnfrsf3) gene (Gene ID: 17000) in murine species. The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily comprises more than 20 type-I transmembrane proteins. LTBR is a single-pass type I membrane protein that contains 4 TNFR-Cys repeats and serves as a receptor for the heterotrimeric lymphotoxin containing LTA and LTB, and for TNFS14/LIGHT. LTBR plays critical roles in inflammation and lymphoid organogenesis through activation of NF-kB pathway. The binding of heterotrimeric lymphotoxin to LTBR is shown to induce NF-kB activation and cell death in HT29 adenocarcinoma cells. LTBR activation promotes apoptosis via TRAF3 and TRAF5. It is also reported to play a role in the development of lymphoid organs. Mice deficient in the LTBR gene fail to form lymph nodes and lack NK and NK-T cells. In the adults, LTBR signaling is essential for maintaining the splenic architecture, for the integrity of marginal zones, and for compartmentalization of T and B cells.