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Description

Integrin alpha-L (UniProt: P20701, also known as CD11 antigen-like family member A, Leukocyte adhesion glycoprotein LFA-1 alpha chain, LFA-1A, Leukocyte function-associated molecule 1 alpha chain, CD11a) is encoded by the ITGAL (also known as CD11A) gene (Gene ID: 3683) in human. Integrins are part of a family of heterodimeric transmembrane glycoproteins that recognize a variety of ligands and control numerous physiologic functions in cells. CD11a is a single-pass type I membrane protein that noncovalently associates with beta2 integrin to forms a heterodimer and serve as a receptor for ICAM1, ICAM2, ICAM3 and ICAM4. It is expressed on B and T lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils. It is also involved in generation of common lymphoid progenitor cells in bone marrow. In resting T-cells, about 40% of CD11a is constitutively phosphorylated and phosphorylation causes conformational changes needed for ligand binding and is considered to be essential for activation by some physiological agents. CD11a is synthesized with a signal peptide (aa 1-25), which is subsequently cleaved off in the mature form. It has a large extracellular domain (aa 26-1090), a transmembrane domain (aa 1091-1111), and a cytoplasmic domain 1112-1170). Three isoforms of CD11a have been described that are produced by alternative splicing.