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Description

Stromelysin-3 (UniProt: P24347, also known as SL-3, ST3, Matrix metalloproteinase-11, MMP-11) is encoded by the MMP11 (also known as STMY3) gene (Gene ID: 4320) in human. MMP-11 is shown to be differentially expressed in tumor tissue and plays a role in tumor invasion. It is shown to be well expressed in stromal cells of breast carcinomas. It has little expression in adult organs under normal physiological conditions. During development, it is expressed in many processes involved in cell migration and tissue morphogenesis. MMP-11 has multiple zinc and calcium binding sites. It binds 2 zinc ions per subunit and one calcium ion per subunit. MMP-11 contains 4 hemopexin domains (aa 291-339, 340-382, 384-432, and 433-480). It is synthesized with a signal peptide (aa 1-31) and a propeptide region (aa 32-97) that are cleaved to generate mature enzyme. It contains a conserved cysteine that is present in the cysteine-switch motif (aa 78-85) that binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion activates the enzyme. The precursor is cleaved by a furin endopeptidase. Expression levels of MMP-11 are a reliable indicator of greatest risk for cancer recurrence in breast carcinoma, pancreatic tumors, and colon cancer. (Ref.: Roscilli, G et al. (2014). J. Transl. Med. 12, 54).