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Description

Peptide YY (UniProt P10082, also known as Peptide tyrosine tyrosine, PYY, PYY-I) is encoded by the PYY (also known as PYY1) gene (Gene ID 5697) in human. Peptide YY is initially produced as a preproprotein with a signal and a propeptide sequence (aa 1-28 and aa 68-97, respectively). There are two major forms of mature peptide YY corresponding to aa 29-64 and aa 31-64 of the prepro sequence, commonly known as YY(1-36) and YY(3-36), respectively. PYY is one of several well recognized circulating anorexigenic peptides, whose productions increase post-prandially. PYY and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) are released from L cells that predominate in the distal ileum and colon. The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) is reported to mediate PYY and GLP-1 release from enteroendocrine L cells upon melanocortin peptides stimulation.