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Description

GA-binding protein subunit beta-1 (EC 3.2.1.3, UniProt Q06547, also known as GABP subunit beta-1, GABP subunit beta-2, GABPB-1, GABPB-2, Nuclear respiratory factor 2, Transcription factor E4TF1-47, Transcription factor E4TF1-53) is encoded by the GABPB1 (also known as E4TF1, E4TF1B, GABPB, GABPB2, NRF2B1, NRF2B2) gene (Gene ID 2553) in human. Initially identified through their interactions with cytochrome C and cytochrome oxidase promoters, GABP (NRF-2) and the related nuclear respiratory factor NRF-1 target many nuclear genes essential for mitochondrial respiratory function, including the mitochondrial transcription specificity factors TFB1M and TFB2M. GABP plays an anti-oxidant, pro-survival role in mitochondrial biogenesis process. GABP is a tetrameric complex composed of the NRF-2alpha (GABPA) and the NRF-2beta (GABPB) subunits. GABPA binds DNA via its ETS domain, and it recruits GABPB, which activates transcription through a glutamine-rich region in its carboxy terminus. GABPB and PRC, a member of PGC-1 family of regulated coactivators, can both interact with host cell factor 1 (HCF-1). PRC can therefore associate with GABP indirectly via HCF-1 and participate in GABP-dependent expression of the mitochondrial transcription factors TFB1M and TFB2M.