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Description

GAP-43, a common marker of differentiating neurons, is expressed at elevated levels by developing or regenerating neurons during axon growth. While GAP-43 is an integral membrane protein associated with the cytoplasmic surface of axonal growth cones (and synapses), it is absent from dendritic growth cones. In adult brain, GAP-43 is found in high concentration in presynaptic areas where memory formation is thought to occur, such as frontal cortex, limbic system and hippocampus. Phosphorylation of GAP-43 by PKC (at Ser41 on human, mouse, rat, and bovine GAP-43 or Ser42 on chicken and Xenopus GAP-43) is specifically correlated with certain forms of synaptic plasticity.