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Description

Polycomb protein group complexes are responsible for the regulation of hundreds of genes in mammals and insects. These proteins are responsible for the assembly and packaging of chromatin and for the induction of methylation on Histone H3. EZH2 (enhancer of zeste homologue 2) is a member of the polycomb group of proteins and is involved in cell cycle regulation. EZH2 represses transcription via trimethylation of histone H3 on Lys27 (H3K27) as indicated by the fact that RNAi-mediated knockdown of EZH2 resulted in a loss of H3K27 trimethylation. The expression of this protein in human tumors is aggressive for hormone refractory prostate cancer. In breast cancer EZH2 expression was increased in malignant tumors and promoted anchorage independent and invasive growth in vitro.