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Description

Nephrotoxicity, or drug-induced kidney injury, is a critical consideration when developing new therapeutics. Screening methods currently used to detect and/or assess nephrotoxicity or other cytotoxicity secondary to candidate compounds may not have the molecular specificity to inform results of screening, as traditional toxicity screens are often limited to simple cell viability, morphology, and mitochondrial function readouts. Common screening assays may furthermore lack sensitivity, detecting only severe nephrotoxicity induced by high doses of or long exposures to tested compounds. Mild toxicity in a cell model may present very differently in vivo, necessitating kidney toxicity assays that are sensitive and specific enough to ensure therapeutic safety.One approach to enhancing the utility of toxicity screening assays is to measure oxidative stress, which is often more sensitive to mild drug injury. While certain indicators of oxidative stress such as increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) or depletion of reductants are transient, one durable change to kidney (and other) cells is the post-injury carbonylation of cellular biomolecules. 4-trifluoromethyl-7-hydrazinyl-2H-chromen-2-one (TFCH) is intended to enhance sensitivity to cell injury induced by nephrotoxic or cytotoxic substances in renal system applications including in vivo and in vitro models such as Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells.Spectral Properties Fluorescence images were obtained by &lambda,ex = 405 nm and emission at 550 to 650 nm.Reference Mukherjee, et al. ",A Novel Fluorogenic Assay for the Detection of Nephrotoxin-induced Oxidative Stress in Live Cells and Renal Tissue.", ACS Sensors 6 (2021): 2523-2528.