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Description

Myosin-2 (UniProt: Q9UKX2, also known as Myosin heavy chain 2, Myosin heavy chain 2a, MyHC-2a, Myosin heavy chain IIa, MyHC-IIa, Myosin heavy chain, skeletal muscle, adult 2) is encoded by the MYH2 (also known as MYHSA2) gene (Gene ID: 4620) in human. Muscle myosin is a hexameric protein that consists of 2 heavy chain subunits (MHC), 2 alkali light chain subunits (MLC) and 2 regulatory light chain subunits (MLC-2). Limited proteolysis of myosin heavy chain produces 1 light meromyosin (LMM) and 1 heavy meromyosin (HMM). HMM can be further cleaved into 2 globular sub-fragments (S1) and 1 rod-shaped sub-fragment (S2). In mammals at least 10 different myosin heavy chain (MYH) isoforms have been described from striated, smooth, and non-muscle cells. These isoforms show expression that is spatially and temporally regulated during development. Myosin-2 contains an N-terminal SH3-like domain (aa 33-82), a myosin motor domain (aa 86-784), and an IQ domain (aa 787-816). It also contains 2 actin binding regions (aa 661-683 and 763-777). Mutations in MYH2 gene are known to cause Proximal myopathy and ophthalmoplegia (MYPOP), a muscular disorder characterized by mild-to-moderate muscle weakness and predominance of type 1 fibers and small or absent type 2A fibers.