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Description

Integrin alpha-5 (UniProt: P08648, also known as CD49 antigen-like family member E, Fibronectin receptor subunit alpha, Integrin alpha-F, VLA-5, CD49e) is encoded by the ITGA5 (also known as FNRA) gene (Gene ID: 3678) in human. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha subunit and a beta subunit that function in cell surface adhesion and signaling. Integrin alpha-5 is a single-pass type I membrane protein is expressed on multiple cell types. It contains four calcium binding sites (aa 480-488, 334-342, 401-409, and 465-473). Structurally, it consists of an extracellular domain (aa 4-995), a transmembrane domain (aa 996-1021), and a cytoplasmic domain (aa 1022-1049). When associated with beta 1 subunit it can serve as a receptor for fibronectin and fibrinogen. It recognizes the sequence R-G-D in its ligands. Integrin alpha-5 is also expressed in articular cartilage and plays a role in synovial joint development and in the regulation of chondrocyte survival and matrix degradation in articular cartilage. Membrane fractions obtained from fibroblasts of diabetic animals display significant reduction in integrin alpha-5 levels. (Ref.: Almeida, ME et al., (2016). Mol. Cell. Biochem. 421(1-2), 19-28).