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Description

Cadherin-3 (UniProt: P22223, also known as Placental cadherin, P-cadherin) is encoded by the CHD3 (also known as CDHP) gene (Gene ID: 1001) in human. Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins that preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells. Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins that preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells. P-cadherin is a class I cadherin that is expressed in myoepithelial cells and is also expressed during late pregnancy and lactation, when luminal epithelial cells secrete high levels of a soluble fragment of P-cadherin in human milk. It is a single pass type I membrane glycoprotein that is synthesized with a signal peptide (aa 1-24) and a propeptide (aa 25-107 that are subsequently cleaved off to generate the mature form that contains an extracellular domain (aa 108-654), a transmembrane domain (aa 655-677), and a cytoplasmic domain (aa 678-829). It has 5 cadherin domains. Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections and thereby imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain. P-cadherin dysfunction is strongly associated with tumorigenesis and confers the malignant phenotype in cancer cells. Its overexpression is strongly associated with poor prognosis in several solid tumors. Its high expression is reported to be predictive of shorter overall survival in glioblastoma patients. It is also detected in plasma membrane during progression of pancreatic intraepithelial ductal adenocarcinoma. (Ref.: Martins, EP., et al. (2021). Mol. Oncol. doi: 10.1002/1878-0261, Yu, W., et al. (2019). Front. Oncol. 9, 989, Siret, C., et al. (2018). Br. J. Cancer. 118, 546-557).