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Description

C-type lectin domain family 18 member A (UniProt: A5D8T8, also known as Mannose receptor-like protein 2, CLEC18A) is encoded by the (also known as MRLP2) gene (Gene ID: 348174) in human. CLEC18A is synthesized with a signal peptide (aa 1-26), which is subsequently cleaved off to generate the mature form (aa 27-446). Its expression is observed in all cells and in peripheral blood cells. It is mainly localized in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and endosome. Although it is expressed in normal hepatocytes, it is absent in hepatocellular carcinoma. It binds polysaccharides in a Ca2+-independent manner and shows preferential binding to fucoidal, b-glucans and galactans. It also serves as a co-receptor for TLR3 and contributes to the differential immune responses to poly(I:C) and H5N1 influenza A virus infection. Its levels are shown to be up-regulated upon differentiation of monocytes into macrophages and dendritic cells. Significantly higher levels of CLEC18A are observed subjects with hepatitis C infection and this increased level is associated with increased cryoglobulin levels, which may be related to the occurrence of mixed cryobulinemia (MC) syndrome. (Ref.: Huang, YL., et al. (2021). Nat. Commun. 4,229, Liao, TL., et al. (2018). Sci. Rep. 8, Article 17287, Huang, YL., et al. (2015). J. Biol. Chem. 290(35), 21252-21263).