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Description

2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (UniProt: EC:2.3.1.22, Acyl-CoA:monoacylglycerol acyltransferase 1, MGAT1,Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2-like protein 1, Monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1, MGAT1) is encoded by the Moghat1 (also known as Dgat2l1) gene (Gene ID: 68393) in murine species. MGAT1 is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of diacylglycerol from 2-monoacylglycerol and fatty acyl-CoA. Its activity is reported to be directly regulated by PPARg and it plays a role in regulating the pathway that leads to incorporation of fatty acids into triglycerides. MGAT1 activity is shown to be higher in mice fed high fat diet and by overexpression of PPARg, which leads to hepatic steatosis. Even in cultured hepatocytes, overexpression of MGAT1 is shown to increase triglyceride synthesis without affecting the expression of PPARg. The binding of PPARg to MGAT1 promoter is significantly enhanced Ob/Ob and high fat diet fed mice. MGAT1 expression is significantly reduced in PPARg knockdown murine models and knockdown of MGAT1 expression is shown to improve hepatic steatosis in high fat fed mice. It has also been shown that C3H mice that do not express PPARg and MGAT1 in the liver do not develop hepatic steatosis after being fed a high fat diet. (Ref.: Lee, YJ., et al. (2012). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 109(34), 13656-13661).