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Description

3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5->4-isomerase type 1 (UniProt: P14060, also known as 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5->4-isomerase type I, 3-beta-HSD I, Trophoblast antigen FDO161G) is encoded by the HSD3B1 (also known as 3BH, HSDB3A) gene (Gene ID: 3283) in human. HSD3B1 is a single -pass membrane protein localized in mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Its transmembrane region is localized to amino acids 288-308. It is a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative conversion of Delta 5-ene-3-beta-hydroxy steroid and causes oxidative conversion of ketosteroids. It plays a vital role in the biosynthesis of all classes of hormonal steroids. Humans have two HSD3B isozymes. HSD3B1 is mainly expressed in the placenta, mammary and, prostate glands, and other peripheral tissues including the skin and adipose tissue and HSD3B2 is expressed primarily in the adrenal and gonads. They exhibit about 93% sequence homology. (Ref.: Gomez-Sanchez, CE et al. (2017). Steroids 127, 56-61).