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Description

Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal (UniProt P12104, also known as Fatty acid-binding protein 2, I-FABP, Intestinal-type fatty acid-binding protein) is encoded by the FABP2 (also known as FABPI) gene (Gene ID 2169) in human. The intracellular lipid-binding protein (iLBP) multigene family includes 12 fatty acid-binding protein (FABPs), 4 retinol-binding proteins (RBPs) and 2 cellular retinoic acid-binding proteins (CRABPs). FABPs are 14-16 kDa cytosolic proteins that bind fatty acids (FAs) and other hydrophobic ligands, such as eicosanoids and retinoids. FABPs are either numbered by the Hertzel and Bernlohr nomenclature to indicate their chronological order of discovery or named according to the tissue where each FABP was first isolated. In addition to transporting and sequestering long-chain FAs, eicosanoids, bile salts, and other hydrophobic ligands for storage and metabolism, FABPs are long recognized for their role in gene transcription regulation via lipid-mediated activation of nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs). FABP1 and FABP2, for example, are shown to bind a range of PPAR agonists, including long chain fatty acids (LCFA) and drugs. FABPs play differential and ligand-specific roles in NHR activation, and the patterns of drug interaction with intracellular binding proteins such as FABPs may govern tissue-specific actions of drugs that target NHRs.