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Description

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor subunit gamma-2 (UniProt P18507, also known as GABA(A) receptor subunit gamma-2) is encoded by the GABRG2 (also known as CAE2, ECA2, GEFSP3) gene (Gene ID 2566) in human. The GABAA receptor (GABAAR) is an ionotropic receptor and ligand-gated ion channel. Upon GABA binding and activation, the GABAA receptor selectively conducts chloride ions through its pore, resulting in hyperpolarization of the neuron. The GABAAR is a pentameric complex composed of two alpha, two beta, and one gamma subunit arranged around a central pore. Each subunit contains four transmembrane domains with both the N- and C-terminus located extracellularly. In human, there exist six types of alpha subunits (encoded by GABRA1-6), three types of beta subunits (encoded by GABRB1-3), and three types of gamma subunits (encoded by GABRG1-3). The gamma 2 subunit is initially produced with an signal peptide sequence (a.a. 1-39), which is then cleaved off to yield the mature subunit (a.a. 40 - 467).