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Description

Short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase 3 (EC 1.1.1.300, UniProt O75911, also known as DD83.1, Retinol dehydrogenase 17, Retinal short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase 1, retSDR1, Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 16C member 1) is encoded by the DHRS3 (also known as RDH17, SDR16C1) gene (ORF UNQ2424/PRO4983, Gene ID 9249) in human. The retSDR1 enzyme is an SDR (short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase) family member expressed in photoreceptor outer segments, where it mediates the reduction of all-trans-retinal for the regeneration of bleached pigments, the rate limiting step of retinoid reservoir replenishment during the visual cycle. Evidence indicates that retSDR1 also plays a role in tumor suppression. Alternation of vitamin A metabolism seems to be an important event in carcinogenesis and aberrant CpG-island methylation is reported in the DHRS3 promoter region in several neuroblastoma cell lines. The pro-apoptic p53 and p63 are both shown to regulate retSDR1 transcription.