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Description

Excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (UniProt P43003, also known as GLAST-1, Sodium-dependent glutamate/aspartate transporter 1, Solute carrier family 1 member 3) is encoded by the SLC1A3 (also known as EA6, EAAT1, GLAST, GLAST1) gene in human (Entrez Gene ID 6507). GLAST-1 is a multitransmembrane protein that functions as a high affinity glutamate transporter and mediates the termination of postsynaptic action of glutamate in central nervous system by rapidly removing released glutamate from the synaptic cleft. GLAST-1 also transports L- and D-aspartate. GLAST gene mutations are linked to episodic ataxia type 6 (EA6), a disorder characterized by seizures, migraine, and alternating hemiplegia. There are 5 known spliced variants. Isoform 2 has no functional glutamate uptake activity and exerts a dominant negative effect against isoform 1.