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Description

Protein unc-119 homolog A (UniProt: Q9Z2R6, also known as Retinal protein 4, mRG4) is encoded by the Unc119 (also known as Unc119h) gene (Gene ID: 22248) in murine species. UNC119 is an adaptor protein that is involved in the development of the vertebrate nervous system. It is widely expressed among vertebrates and invertebrates and is predominantly localized in photoreceptor synapses in the outer plexiform layer of the retina. It recognizes the acylated N-terminus of the rod photoreceptor transducin -subunit (T ). Apart from its presence in the mammalian retina, it is also detected in leukocytes, T-cells, lung fibroblasts, the adrenal glands, cerebellum, and kidney. UC119 is reported to activate Src-type tyrosine kinases associated with the interleukin-5 receptor and the T-cell receptor by interacting with Src homology domains localized in its N-terminal half. It is also reported to stimulate the induction of -smooth muscle actin and myofibroblast differentiation by TGF-beta in human lung fibroblasts. UNC119 can undergo phosphorylation at serine 37, 39, and 41 by casein kinase 2 and these phosphorylations suppresses its interaction with KLHL18 (Kelch Like Family Member 18) and downregulates its KLHL18-mediated degradation. (Ref.: Chaya, T., et al. (2019). EMBO J. 38(23), e101409, Zhang, H., et al. (2011). Nat. Neurosci. 14(7), 874-880, Vepachedu, R., et al. (2007). J. Immunol. 179(1), 682-690).