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Description

Chromaffin granule amine transporter (UniProt: Q8R090, also known as Solute carrier family 18 member 1, Vesicular amine transporter 1, VMAT1, VAT1) is encoded by the Scl19a1 (also known as Vmat1) gene (Gene ID: 110877) in murine species. Vesicular monoamine transporters (VMATs) are involved in presynaptic storage and release of neurotransmitters. They are located in the presynaptic region and are involved in the transport of monoamines into storage vesicle, which are released upon arrival of an action potential. Two structurally related, but pharmacologically distinct, VMATs have been described (VMAT1 and VMAT2) that are encoded by separate genes. VMAT1 is a multi-pass membrane acidic glycoprotein that is found in both large dense-core vesicles and in small synaptic vesicles. It s both C- and N-terminal regions are located in the cytosolic side of the vesicle. VMAT1 is detected in adrenal medulla, and brain (at protein level). In brain, specifically found in the medulla oblongata, pons, prefrontal cortex, striatum, dentate gyrus and hippocampus. VMAT1 is shown to play a key role in survival of hippocampal neurons and may contribute to neurocognitive deficits observed in neuropsychiatric disorders. (Ref.: Multani, PK., et al. (2013). Neurosci. 232, 32-44).