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Description

Cell division control protein 42 (UniProt: P19073, also known as Cdc42, Suppressor of RHO3 protein 2) is encoded by the CDC42 (also known as SRO2, TLR229C, L8083.13) gene (Gene ID: 850930) in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Cdc42 is a member of the Rho GTPase family that regulates multiple signaling pathways involved in actomyosin organization, cell proliferation, and maintenance of cell polarity in most eukaryotic cell types. Cdc42 signaling process involves guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs). In yeast, generation and maintenance of robust Cdc42 polarity promotes membrane expansion during bud formation and it has been shown that Cdc42 is dynamically maintained at the polarity cap through its continuous cycling between the polarity cap and internal pools. Cdc42 is highly polarized during bud emergence and is specifically required for exocytosis at this stage. Cdc42 is synthesized with a propeptide region (aa 189-191), which is cleaved off in the mature form. The mature form contains three nucleotide (GTP)-binding sites. (Ref.: Wu, H., and Brennwald, P. (2010) Mol. Cell Biol. 30(21), 5207-5217).