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Description

Delta-like protein 1 (UniProt: Q61483, also known as Drosophila Delta homolog 1, Delta1, DLL1) is encoded by the Dll1 gene (Gene ID: 13388) in murine species. DLL1 is a single-pass transmembrane ligand protein of NOTCH1, NOTCH2 and NOTCH3 receptors that binds the extracellular domain (ECD) of Notch receptor in a cis and trans fashion manner. Following transinteraction, ligand cells produce mechanical force that promotes Notch receptor extracellular domain (NECD) transendocytosis and triggers Notch signaling. Delta1 is required for embryonic development and maintenance of adult stem cells in many different tissues. DLL1-induced Notch signaling plays a role in the regulation of cell lineage, cell specification, cell patterning, and morphogenesis through effects on differentiation and proliferation. DLL1 is reported to play a role in regulating neuronal differentiation of neural precursor cells via cell-cell interaction. DLL1 is reported to be co-expressed with DLL3 in the presomtic mesoderm of mouse embryo, however despite their co-expression, mutations in these proteins cause strikingly different effects. Heterozygous DLL1 mutant mice are lighter and smaller, with altered fat to lean ratio and display increased blood pressure and a slight bradycardia. They also exhibit reduced cholesterol and triglyceride levels in blood.