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Description

Murine low affinity IgG Fc region receptor FcgammaRII and FcgammaRIII (UniProt P08101 and P08508, respectively) are encoded by the Fcgr2 (also known as Fcgr2b, Ly-17) and Fcgr3 gene, respectively. Four different classes of IgG Fc receptors (FcgammaRs) have been reported: FcgammaRI/CD32b, FcgammaRII/CD16, FcgammaRIII/CD16.2, and FcgammaRIV/CD64. FcgammaRII, FcgammaRIII, and FcgammaRIV (UniProt P08101, P08508, and Q8R477, respectively) are low-affinity receptors for monomeric IgG, whereas FcgammaRI (UniProt P26151) is the only high-affinity FcgammaR. FcgammaRs play important roles in inflammatory cell activation, clearance, presentation of antigen, and maintenance of IgG homeostasis. In addition to binding immune complex (IC), FcgammaRs have been shown to bind to non-IgG ligands. For example, FcgammaRII is shown to bind oxLDL, while FcgammaRIII binding to an E. coli component negatively regulates the function of macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO). FcyRII activation is also reported to transduce a negative regulatory signal against CD38 cross-linking-induced proliferation of resting mature B cells.