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Description

T-cell surface glycoprotein CD1b (UniProt: P29016, also known as CD1b) is encoded by the CD1B gene (Gene ID: 910) in human. CD1b is an antigen-presenting protein that binds self and non-self lipid and glycolipid antigens and presents them to T-cell receptors on natural killer T-cells. The most prominent known function of CD1b molecules is to associate with lipids from pathogens in order to stimulate T cells and induce host defense mechanisms. CD1b is expressed on cortical thymocytes, certain T-cell leukemia, and other tissues. Two isoforms of CD1b are reported that are produced by alternative splicing. CD1b has an extracellular domain (aa 18-3-3), a helical domain (aa 304-324), and a cytoplasmic tail (aa 329-332). The newly synthesized CD1b molecules follow an intracellular transport pathway that leads it to the cell surface from endoplasmic reticulum and subsequently to internalization from the plasma membrane into the endocytic pathway. After internalization, CD1b molecules are sorted for transport to lysosomes in the sorting endosome. (Ref.: Briken, V., et al. (2002). EMBO J. 21(4), 825-834).