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Description

Natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 1 (UniProt: Q9Z0H5, also known as Activating receptor 1, rAR-1, Lymphocyte antigen 94 homolog, NK receptor KILR-1, NKACTR, Natural killer cell p46-related protein, NK-p46, NKp46, CD335) is encoded by the Ncr1 (also known as Ar1, Kilr1, Ly94) gene (Gene ID: 117547) in rat. NK-p46 is a single-pass type I membrane protein that belongs to the natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR) family and serves as a NK-p46 is an activating NK cell receptor that may contribute to the increased efficiency of activated natural killer (NK) cells to mediate tumor cell lysis. NK-p46 also regulates graft-versus-host disease and allergic response. Following the initiation of an NK-target cell interaction, NK-p46 is reported to cluster at the cell membrane, specifically at the immune synapse where it mediates cytoskeletal rearrangement and cellular polarization. NK-p46 has an extracellular domain (aa 17-258), a helical domain (aa 259-279), and a cytoplasmic domain (aa 280-325). It also has two Ig-like domains (aa 42-100 and 137-192). It is synthesized with a signal peptide of 16 amino acids, which is subsequently cleaved off. NK-p46 is expressed by all natural killer (NK) cells, but not by T cells, B cells, granulocytes, monocytes, dendritic cells, or macrophages. It is weakly expressed in spleen, heart, and lung tissue. The main NK cell population of the lymph node expresses low levels of NK-p46 in resting cells, however, its expression is elevated by the presence of interleukin-2. (Ref.: Hadad, U et al. (2015). Front. Immunol 60 (Article 495), 1-11).