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Description

Homeodomain-only protein (UniProt Q9BPY8, also known as Lung cancer-associated Y protein, Not expressed in choriocarcinoma clone 1, Not expressed in choriocarcinoma protein 1, Odd homeobox 1 protein, Odd homeobox protein 1) is encoded by the HOPX (also known as CAMEO, HOD, HOP, LAGY, NECC1, OB1, SMAP31, TOTO) gene (Gene ID 84525) in human. Human and mouse HOPX proteins share 92% identity, they contain homeobox-like domain but lack sequence motif required for DNA binding. HOPX is highly expressed in the developing heart, where its expression is dependent on the cardiac-restricted homeobox protein, Nkx2.5. HOPX physically interacts with serum responsive factor (SRF) and inhibits SRF-dependent transcription by inhibiting SRF binding to DNA and by recruiting histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity. HOPX is reported to play a critical role in the differentiation of various cells such as myoblasts, trophoblasts, keratinocytes, T cells, and lung alveolar cells. HOPX was initially reported as a differentiation marker and is expressed in various normal tissues, and HOPX expression is markedly suppressed in a subset of cancers.