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Description

DNA replication complex GINS protein PSF2 (UniProt: Q9Y248, also known as GINS complex subunit 2) is encoded by the GINS2 (also known as PSF2, CGI-122, DC5, HSPC037) gene (Gene ID: 51659) in human. GINS/PSF2 is a component of the GINS complex, which is a heterotetramer of GINS 1, 2, 3, and 4 that are assembled with 1:1:1:1 stoichiometry. Each of these four subunits is essential for proper completion of DNA replication initiation and elongation. This complex plays an essential role in the initiation of DNA replication and progression of DNA replication forks. GINS complex binds preferentially to single-stranded DNA. At the G1/S transition, GINS is recruited to the origins of replication where it assembles with cell-division cycle protein Cdc45 and the minichromosome maintenance mutant (MCM)2-7 to form the Cdc45/Mcm2-7/GINS (CMG) complex, the presumed replicative helicase. GINS2 gene is reported to be frequently up-regulated in the cancer cells. Transfection of ETK-1 and HuH28 cells with PSF2 siRNA is shown to reduce the amount of transcript and suppress cell growth, indicating the important role of GINS2/PF2 in development of cholangiocarcinoma. (Ref.: Aparicio, T., et al. (2009). Nucl. Acids Res. 37(7), 2087-2095, Boskovic, J., et al. (2007). EMBO Rep. 8(7), 678-684, Obama, K., et al. (2005). Oncol. Rep. 14(3):701-706).