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Description

Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4 catalytic subunit (UniProt: P60510, also known as EC: 3.1.3.16, PP4C, Pp4, Protein phosphatase X, PP-X) is encoded by the PPP4C (also known as PPP4, PPX) gene (Gene ID: 5531) in human. Protein phosphatase 4 (PP4), a ubiquitous serine/threonine phosphatase, is involved in the regulation of many cellular processes. It functions independently of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Mammalian PP4 contains two regulatory subunits (R1 and R2) that interact with the catalytic subunit (PP4C)) and control its activity. Methylation at the C-terminal Leucine 307 is critical for interactions with regulatory subunits. PP4C-R2 complexes are reported to be involved in organelle assembly, maturation of the centrosome, apoptosis, DNA repair, and spliceosomal assembly. It is also reported to play a role in cell migration and in activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase and NF-kappa B. PP4C has multiple metal ion binding sites and can bind two manganese ions per subunit. (Ref.: Cohen, PTW., et al. (2005). FEBS Lett. 579(15), 3278-3286).