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Description

Sulf-2 is an endoplasmic reticulum enzyme that is involved in sulfur metabolism which is important in bone, cartilage, and skeletal development. Sulf-2 is also important in neurological situations including myelination and glial cell differentiation and GDNF activity. Sulf-2 activity is also found in the kidney and important in glomerular basement membrane development and glomerular function. Finally, Sulf-2 is involved in heparan sulfate metabolism. Sulf-2 removes sulfate moieties on heparan sulfate proteoglycans which in turn modulate the heparin binding growth factor signaling activity of the cell. Sulf-2 also impacts extracellular matrix interactions and it is important during development and growth, as well as Wnt signaling and VEGF production by endothelial cells during vascularization. In disease, Sulf-2 expression in cancer is upregulated and inhibition of Sulf-2 limits cancer progression and showed increased apoptosis within tumors, thus Sulf-2 activation is being examined as a potential anti-cancer therapy.