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Description

EZH inhibitory protein (UniProt: Q86X51, also known as EZHIP) is encoded by the EZHIP (also known as CXorf67) gene (Gene ID: 340602) in human. EZHIP is expressed predominantly in the gonads. In testis, it is detected in male germ cells inside the seminiferous tubules, especially in spermatogonia and round spermatids. In the ovary, it is expressed in primordial follicles and oocytes but not the external follicle cells. It is shown to inhibit PRC2/EED-EZH1 and PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex function by inhibiting EZH1/EZH2 methyltransferase activity, thereby causing down-regulation of histone H3 trimethylation on lysine 27 (H3K27me3). It inhibits H3K27me3 deposition during spermatogenesis and oogenesis. Its inhibitory effect on methyltransferase activity is attributed to its ability to limit the stimulatory effect of cofactors such as AEBP2 and JARID2. Amino acid sequence 403-423 is reported to be essential and sufficient for inhibition of PRC2/EED-EZH1 and PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex activity and the sequence 401-409 is sufficient for its interaction with EZH2. (Ref.: Ragazzini, R., et al. (2019). Nat. Commun. 10(1), 3858, Jain, SU., et al. (2019). Nat. Commun. 10(1), Article 2146).