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Description

CD48 antigen (UniProt: P09326, also known as B-lymphocyte activation marker, BLAST-1, BCM1 surface antigen, Leukocyte antigen MEM-102, SLAM family member 2, SLAMF2, Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule 2, TCT.1, CD48) is encoded by the CD48 (also known as BCM1, BLAST1) gene (Gene ID: 962) in human. CD48 is synthesized with a signal peptide (aa 1-26) and a propeptide (aa 221-243) that are subsequently cleaved off to produce the mature form (aa 27-220). CD48 exists in both a membrane-bound and soluble form. It is anchored to the cell membrane by a GPI linkage that allows it to associate with cholesterol-rich lipid rafts and associated signaling molecules. It is expressed in mature lymphocytes and monocytes, but not on non-hematopoietic tissues. It serves as a ligand for CD2 and facilitates interaction between activated lymphocytes. It participates in adhesion and activation of immune cells and has activating role on T cells, antigen presenting cells, and granulocytes. CD48 expression is shown to increase under inflammatory conditions and upon exposure to interferon , beta, and . Bacterial and viral infections can also increase its expression on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. CD48 is reported to be constitutively expressed at high levels on almost all multiple myeloma (MM) plasma cells. Clone 1B4 is shown to induce significant cytotoxic effect against MM cells in vitro and in vivo. (Ref.: McArdel, SL., et al. (2016). Clin. Immunol. 164, 10-20, Hosen, N., et al. (2011). Br. J. Haematol. 156(2), 213-224,).