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Description

Laminin subunit gamma-2 (UniProt Q13753, also known as CSF 140 kDa subunit, Cell-scattering factor 140 kDa subunit, Epiligrin subunit gamma, Kalinin subunit gamma, Ladsin 140 kDa subunit, Laminin B2t chain, Lamin-5 subunit gamma, Large adhesive scatter factor 140 kDa subunit, Nicein subunit gamma) is encoded by the LAMC2 (also known as B2T, LAMB2T, LAMNB2) gene (Gene ID 3918) in human. Laminins are basement membrane, extracellular matrix glycoproteins composed of alpha, beta and gamma heterotrimeric chains. Different combinations of five alpha chains, three beta chains, and two gamma chains form at least 12 laminin isoforms. Laminin-5 (LN5), which consists of laminin alpha3, beta3 and gamma2 chains, is a highly conserved component of anchoring filaments underlying the hemidesmosome structure of epidermal keratinocytes. Mutations or deletion in the LN5 genes (LAMA3, LAMB3, and LAMC2) is associated with epidermolysis bullosa, a lethal skin blistering disease. LN5 may stabilize the epidermal/dermal junction of skin through interaction with integrins alpha3/beta1, alpha6/beta4 and type VII collagen and has a critical role in the anchorage and locomotion of a wide variety of cell types, including epithelial cells, fibroblasts, neurons and leukocytes. Comparing to fibronectin, collagen, and vitronectin, cells of epithelial origin will adhere to Laminin-5 faster and will spread to a larger extent. Laminin-5 attracted attention when it was detected at the leading edge of invasive cancer tissue in several types of human carcinomas (Niki, T., et al. (2002). Am. J. Pathol. 160(3):112911-41, Lohi, J. (2001). Int. J. Cancer. 94(6):763-767).