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Description

Two stages of mouse pluripotency have been stabilized to date through in vitro culture. 'Naive' represents the earliest stage, which can be enriched for a purer population, termed 'ground state'. Naive most closely approximates embryonic epiblast in the preimplantation blastocyst. The primed state most closely approximates in vivo immediate postimplantation epiblast. There are clear differences between these stages in culture, expression, epigenetics (including appropriate X-inactivation) and developmental competence. The fact that naive mESCs can generate whole animals through tetraploid complementation while primed mESCs cannot, is a particularly compelling reason for heightened expectations from naive hESCs.Mouse Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) is a critical component in mouse ES cell culture media where it promotes the self-renewal and maintains the pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. Recent studies have determined that inhibitors that block MAPK/Erk pathway, in combination with the glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) inhibitor, protect mouse ES cells from differentiation-inducing signals, allowing for self-renewal even in the absence of LIF. Mouse ES cells cultured in these conditions maintain their LIF responsiveness and studies have shown that adding LIF to the 2i culture conditions led better colony propagation and enhanced the general health of ES colonies. Supports a naive/ground pluripotent state.