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Description

Hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34 (UniProt: P28906, also known as CD34) is encoded by the CD34 gene (Gene ID: 947) in human. CD34 is a highly glycosylated single-pass type I membrane protein that is expressed on hematopoietic progenitor cells and small vessel endothelium of a variety of tissues. Under normal conditions, CD34+ expressing cells account for about 1 2% of the total bone marrow cells. It serves as an adhesion molecule that plays a role in early hematopoiesis by mediating the attachment of stem cells to the bone marrow extracellular matrix or directly to stromal cells. It is also reported to act as a scaffold for the attachment of lineage specific glycans, allowing stem cells to bind to lectins expressed by stromal cells or other marrow components. CD34 is synthesized with a signal peptide (aa 1-31) that is cleaved off in the mature form. The mature form has an extracellular domain (aa 32-290), a transmembrane domain (aa 291-311), and a cytoplasmic domain (aa 312-385). Two isoforms of CD34 have been described that are produced by alternative splicing.