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Description

Phosphatidylinositol-binding clathrin assembly protein (UniProt: Q13492, also known as PICALM, Clathrin assembly lymphoid myeloid leukemia protein) is encoded by the PICALM (also known as CALM) gene (Gene ID: 8301) in human. PICALM is ubiquitously expressed protein that co-localizes with clathrin in the Golgi area. Five isoforms of PICALM have been reported that are produced by alternative splicing. PICALM acts as an assembly protein that recruits clathrin and adapter protein complex 2 (AP2) to cell membranes at sites of coated-pit formation and clathrin-vesicle assembly. It may also play a role in determining the amount of membrane to be recycled, possibly by regulating the size of the clathrin cage. It is reported to be involved in AP2-dependent clathrin-mediated endocytosis at the neuromuscular junction. PICALM variants are associated with Alzheimer&prime,s disease and are thought to be involved in the endocytosis and recycling of the amyloid protein precursor and it can affect Alzheimer s disease disk primarily by modulating production, transportation, and clearance of beta-amyloid peptides. (Ref.: Xu, W., et al. (2015). Mol Neurobiol. 52(1),399-413).