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Description

Glypican-1 (UniProt: P35053, also known as GPC1, HSPG M12) is encoded by the Gpc1 gene (GeneID: 58920) in rat. Glypican-1 is attaches to the plasma membrane via glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors. It is a cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate and may act as a catalyst in increasing the rate of conversion of prion protein PRPN(C) to PRNP(Sc) via associating with both forms of PRPN, targeting them to lipid rafts and facilitating their interaction. Glypican-1 is required for proper skeletal muscle differentiation. It sequesters FGF2 in lipid rafts and blocks its binding to FGF receptors. Glypican-1 is specifically enriched on cancer-cell-derived exosomes and levels of glypican-1 positive exosomes correlate with tumor burden and the survival of pre- and post-surgical patients. Glypican-1 expression, both mRNA and protein, is upregulated in human pancreatic cancers cells and adjacent fibroblasts. (Ref.: Melo, SA et al. 2015. Nature. 523(7559):177-82, Kleeff, J et al. 1998. J. Clin. Invest. 102(9), 1662 1673).