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Description

Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase zeta (UniProt: Q62656, also known as EC:3.1.3.48, R-PTP-zeta, 3F8 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, 3H1 keratan sulfate proteoglycan, Phosphacan) is encoded by the Ptprz1 (also known as Ptprz, Ptpz) gene (GeneID: 25613) in rat. It is a soluble nervous tissue-specific proteoglycan that is thought to regulate axonal outgrowth. It is synthesized by glia and binds to neurons and to the neural cell adhesion molecules tenascin, N-CAM or NG-CAM but not to laminin and fibronectin. Phosphacan acts as a potent inhibitor of cell adhesion and neurite outgrowth and negatively regulates oligodendrocyte precursor proliferation in the embryonic spinal cord. It is required for normal differentiation of the precursor cells into mature, fully myelinating oligodendrocytes. RPTPzeta has an extracellular domain (aa 25-1637), a transmembrane domain (aa 1638-1663) and a cytoplasmic domain (aa 1664-2316). It is produced with a signal peptide (aa 1-24) that is cleaved to generate the mature form.