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Description

Calretinin (UniProt: P47728, also known as CR) is encoded by the Calb2 gene (Gene ID: 117059) in rat. Calretinin belongs to the calbindin protein family and acts as a calcium-binding protein. It is expressed in both central and peripheral nervous system and is found abundantly in auditory neurons. It is involved in regulating cytosolic calcium ion concentrations and has multiple calcium-binding domains known as EF-hands. Its expression is shown to be regulated at the level of transcription by nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1) and E2F2 transcription factors. In rat striatum calretinin neurons form a distinct subset of medium-sized (7 20 microm), aspiny, GABAergic interneurons. Calretinin can also serve as an important differential diagnostic tool for cystic and solid ameloblastic tumors. (Ref.: Petryszyn, S., et al. (2017). J. Neural Transm. doi: 10.1007/s00702-017-1687, Kresoja-Rakic, J., et al. (2017). Front. Genet. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00070).