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Description

Calcipressin-1 (Uniprot: Q6IN33, also known as Down syndrome critical region protein 1 homolog, Myocyte-enriched calcineurin-interacting protein 1, MCIP1, Regulator of calcineurin 1, RCAN-1) is encoded by the Rcan1 (also known as Dscr1) gene (Gene ID: 266766) in rat. Calcipressin-1 is a cytoplasmic protein that directly binds to the catalytic domain of calcineurin and acts as its negative regulator. When phosphorylated at the conserved FLISPP motif its capacity to inhibit calcineurin is increased. This phosphorylation also controls the half-life of calcipressin-1 by accelerating its degradation. It is a calcium-responsive enzyme, which is reported to dephosphorylate the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), which promotes its nuclear translocation and links calcium signaling to transcriptional regulation. Calcipressin-1 displays a quick turnover with a half-life of less than 3 hours. However, a Ser to Ala mutation at Ser163 prolongs its half-life to more than 9 hours. (Ref.: Genesca, L et al. (2003). Biochem. J. 374(2), 567-575).