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Description

Lysine-specific demethylase 4C (UniProt: Q9H3R0, also known as EC: 1.14.11.-, Gene amplified in squamous cell carcinoma 1 protein, GASC-1 protein, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3C, Jumonji domain-containing protein 2C, Jmjd2c) is encoded by the KDM4C (also known as GASC1, JHDM3C, JMJD2C, KIAA0780) gene (Gene ID: 23081) in human. Jmjd2c is an ubiquitously expressed histone demethylase that specifically demethylates Lys-9 and Lys-36 residues of histone H3. It is shown to demethylate only the trimethylated H3 and does not affect mono- and dimethylated residues. It does neither demethylate histone Lys-4 or Lys-27 of histone H3 nor the Lys-20 of histone H4. Human Jmjd2C contains one jumonji N domain (aa 16-58), a catalytic jumonji C domain (aa 144-310), two PHD zinc finger regions (aa 689-865), and two TUDOR methylated-histone binding domains (aa 877-991). Jmjd2c, along with its closely demethylase Jmjd2b, plays a vital role in self-renewal of embryonic stem cells (ESC) and in generation of induced pluripotent stem cells. Full-length Jmjd2b and Jmjd2c are shown to restore the normal ESC growth phenotype, ESC colony morphology, and also SSEA-1 expression. Jmjd2c is reported to assist polycomb repressive complex (PRC) in transcriptional repression. It is overexpressed in several esophageal squamous cell carcinomas.