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Description

Decapping and exoribonuclease protein (DOM3Z), also known as DXO, Dom-3 homolog Z, and encoded by the gene symbol DOM3Z/ DOM3L/ NG6, is a ribonuclease that specifically degrades pre-mRNAs with a defective 5' end cap. DOM3Z is part of a pre-mRNA capping quality control and has decapping, pyrophosphohydrolase and 5'-3' exonuclease activities. DOM3Z has a decapping activity toward incomplete 5' end cap mRNAs (such as unmethylated 5' end-capped RNA), which in return releases GpppN and 5' end monophosphate RNA. The 5' end monophosphate RNA is then degraded by the 5'-3' exoribonuclease activity, enabling this enzyme to decap and degrade incompletely capped mRNAs. Additionally, DOM3Z has been implied to have RNA 5'-pyrophosphohydrolase activity and to release pyrophosphates by hydrolyzing the 5' end triphosphate. DOM3Z is located in the nucleus, and expressed ubiquitously.