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Description

Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C (UniProt: Q9BXW4, also known as Autophagy-related protein LC3C, Autophagy-related ubiquitin-like modifier LC3C, MAP1 light chain 3-like protein 3, MAP1A/MAP1B light chain 3 C, MAP1A/MAP1B LC3 C, Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 gamma) is encoded by the MAP1LC3C gene (Gene ID: 440738) in human. LC3s (MAP1-LC3A, B and C) are structural proteins of autophagosomal membranes, widely used as biomarkers of autophagy. LC3A is mainly localized to perinuclear and nuclear regions, LC3B is evenly distributed throughout the cytoplasm and is also localized in the nucleolar regions, and LC3C is shown to be located in the cytoplasm and strongly in the nuclei. LC3C is synthesized with a propeptide (aa 127-147), which is removed in the mature form. LC3C is a ubiquitin-like modifier that plays a crucial role in antibacterial autophagy through the selective binding of CALCOCO2. It recruits all ATG8 family members to infecting bacteria such as S.Typhimurium. It is also reported to play a role in aggrephagy, the macroautophagic degradation of ubiquitinated and aggregated proteins. LC3C is recruited to damaged mitochondria where it mediates autophagosomal degradation of mitochondrial parts in a piecemeal fashion and is required for maintaining basal mitochondrial network homeostasis. It also mediates autophagosomal degradation of MTX1 protein and cooperates with p62 to deliver MTX1 to lysosomes. (Ref.: Koukourakis, KI et al. (2015). PLoS One DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0137675, Le Guerroue´, et al., 2017, Mol. Cell 68(4), 786-796).