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Description

Platelet-derived growth factor D (UniProt: Q9GZP0, also known as PDGF-D, Iris-expressed growth factor, Spinal cord-derived growth factor B, SCDGF-B) is encoded by the PDGFD (also known as IEGF, SCDGFB, MSTP036, UNQ1899/PRO4345) gene (Gene ID: 80310) in human. Four PDGF ligands known as PDGF-A, PDGF-B, PDGF-C, and PDGF-D have been described that exert their effect by binding to their cognate receptors. PDGF-D is expressed at high levels in the heart, pancreas, adrenal gland and ovary and at low levels in placenta, liver, kidney, prostate, testis, small intestine, spleen, and colon. PDGF-D is synthesized with a signal peptide (aa 1-18), which is subsequently removed. The latent form of PDGF-D contains a CUB domain at its N-terminal region, a growth factor domain and a hinge region in between. The latent form is activated by the proteolytic action of matriptase that removes the CUB domain, which results in unmasking of the receptor-binding epitopes on the core domain. YR247GR249S within the PDGF-D hinge region is shown to be the cleavage site for removal of the inhibitory CUB domain. PDGF-D plays an important role in wound healing and induces macrophage recruitment, increased interstitial pressure, and blood vessel maturation during angiogenesis. PDGF-D also induces cellular transformation and promotes tumor growth by accelerating the proliferation rate of tumor cells and by stimulation of tumor neovascularization. (Ref.: Huang, W., and Kim, H-R, C (2015). J. Biol. Chem. 290(14), 9162-9170).