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Description

Natriuretic peptides A (UniProt: P01161, also known as CDD-ANF, ANP, Cardiodilatin, CDD, Cardiodilatin-related peptide, CDP, Prepronatriodilatin) is encoded by the Nppa gene (Gene ID: 24062) in rat. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) are belong to the natriuretic peptide family. They are responsible for body fluid homeostasis and regulation of blood pressure. ANP is produced mainly by cardiac myocytes and is released in response to atrial stretch. Once in the circulation, ANP induces natriuresis, diuresis, and cause a reduction in blood pressure. In renal tissue ANP acts on receptors that increase glomerular filtration rate, reduce sodium reabsorption in the distal nephron, and diminish renin secretion. ANP has an intra-molecular ring structure connected by two cysteine residues and N-terminal and C-terminal extensions from it. ANP is produced with a signal peptide (aa 1-24) and a propeptide region (aa 25-122), which are cleaved to produce active hormone. It is cleaved by Corin by cleavage of Arg-Ser (aa 122-123) peptide bond. It can also be cleaved by membrane metalloendopeptidase between aa 129-130 that initiates its degradation and thereby regulate its activity.