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Description

A cell-permeable, stable dichlorosalicylaldehyde Schiff's base that acts as a potent, selective inhibitor of Mia40/Erv1 redox-mediated import pathway (IC50 = 700 nM, 900 nM, and 1.4 µ,M for ALR, Erv1, and Erv2, respectively). Significantly reduces the import of CX9 proteins, Erv1, Tim23, and ADP/ATP carrier (AAC). However, it does not affect mitochondrial membrane integrity as evidenced by the lack of aconitase, AAC, Tim54, Mia40, and cytochrome c release. Has no effect on protein disulfide isomerase, flavin adenine dinucleotide, and succinate dehydrogenase activities and does not disrupt mitochondrial net work or reduce viability of cells even at high concentrations (~100 µ,M in HeLa and HEK293 cells). Reported to specifically cause cytochrome c release, activate caspase-3, and induce apoptosis in human embryonic stem cells (~20 µ,M), but not in differentiated cells. Reversibly impairs cardiac development and reduces heart rate in zebra fish that is attributed to mitochondrial dysfunction.