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Description

Stimulates the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Induces apoptosis in mouse thymus and swine lymphocytes., Endotoxin lipopolysaccharides initiate a variety of biochemical cell activation pathways (PKC, cAMP-dependent protein kinase, arachidonate metabolism, protein myristoylation, and activation of G-proteins). These unique macromolecules have been extensively studied in order to elucidate and define revelent pathophysiological parameters of endotoxin shock, a profound life-threatening consequence of bacterial sepsis. More recently, these bacterial products have generated intense interest due to their pluripotential immunostimulatory activity, as manifested by the activation of host cells (e.g. B lymphocytes, macrophages) to functional differentiation. Host cells activated by lipopolysaccharides produce a spectrum of hormone-active lymphokines and monokines, including interferons (alpha, beta, and gamma), interleukins (IL-1 and IL-6), tumor necrosis factor, platelet activating factor and procoagulant tissue factor. Stimulates the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Induces apoptosis in mouse thymus and swine lymphocytes.