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Description

A cell-permeable carbazole compound that competes against FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) for cryptocrome (CRY) 1 & 2 binding, displaying little affinity toward other clock proteins (PER1/2, CLOCK, or BMAL1) or inhibitory activity against casein kinase (CKIalpha, CKIdelta, and CK2) activity even at concentrations as high as 100 µ,M. Shown to selectively stabilize cellular CRY1/2 protein, but not mRNA, by preventing FBXL3-mediated CRY1/2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, effectively lengthening the period and reducing the amplitude of the circadian transcription rhythms of Bmal1 and Per2 promoter-mediated transcription activity (IC50 of intensity reduction = 14 and 0.82 µ,M, respectively, in U2OS reporter assay). KL001 is also reported to block glucagon-induced Pck1 and G6pc mRNA upregulation as well as glucose production in primary murine hepatocyte cultures (IC50<8 µ,M). Longdaysin (Cat. No. 438075), in comparison, exerts its circadian perturbation activity via casein kinase inhibition.