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Description

FOPflash: Transfection grade T cell factor (TCF) reporter plasmid containing two full and one incomplete copy of the TCF binding site (mutated) followed by three copies in the reverse orientation, upstream of the Thymidine Kinase (TK) minimal promoter and Luciferase open reading frame. This plasmid serves as a negative control to TOPflash which contains wild type TCF binding sites.TOPflash: Transfection grade T-cell factor (TCF) reporter plasmid containing two sets (with the second set in the reverse orientation) of three copies of the TCF binding site (wild type) upstream of the Thymidine Kinase (TK) minimal promoter and Luciferase open reading frame. FOPflash containing mutated TCF binding sites is also available as a negative control., The Wnt family encodes secreted glycoproteins implicated in cell growth regulation, cell fate determination, organogenesis and oncogenesis. Inferred from genetic analysis of wingless (wg) signaling in Drosophila, in mammalian cells, Wnts signal through the Frizzled family of receptors, to Dishevelled. Dishevelled down regulates glycogen synthase kinase-3ß, (GSK-3ß,) activity. This results in the stabilization and accumulation of cytosolic ß,-catenin, a GSK-3ß, substrate, which when phosphorylated by GSK-3ß,, is targeted for ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. ß,-catenin then translocates to the nucleus, where in complexes with members of the Tcf/LEF family of transcription regulators, activates transcription of Tcf-responsive genes. This Tcf-reporter plasmid, along with FOPFLASH (Cat. # 21-169) enables quantitation of Wnt/Wg signaling in cells transfected with these constructs.