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Description

This protein is a member of the family of STAT proteins (Signal Transduction and Activators of Transcription). These proteins are latent cytoplasmic transcription factors with the dual function of signal transduction and activation of transcription. STATs are activated by tyrosine phosphorylation in response to different ligands, after which they translocate to the cell nucleus. The N-terminal region is highly homologous among the STAT proteins and surrounds a completely conserved arginine residue. The Stat3 protein is expressed in most cell types and is activated by multiple cytokines and growth factors including: IFN-a, IL-10, IL-6, IL-11, onM, LIF, CNTF, G-CSF, IL-12, IL-2, GH, EGF, PDGF, and CSF-1. Stat3 is not activated by IFN beta. One active Stat3 translocates to the nucleus and binds to DNA as either a homodimer or as a heterodimer with Stat1. Transcription factors associated with Stat3 include cJun and cyclic AMP responsive enhancer binding protein (CREB). Stat3 interacts with the APRE (acute phase response element) and the SIE (c-sis inducible element). These proteins are latent cytoplasmic transcription factors with the dual function of signal transduction and activation of transcription. STATs are activated by tyrosine phosphorylation in response to different ligands, after which they translocate to the cell nucleus. The N-terminal region is highly homologous among the STAT proteins and surrounds a completely conserved arginine residue.